| Classification of Archaeplastida The Archaeplastida are a major group of eukaryotes, comprising the red and green algae and the land plants, together with a small group called the glaucophytes. The plastids of all of these organisms are surrounded by two membranes, suggesting they developed directly from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria. In all other groups, plastids are surrounded by / Plantae sensu lato Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The scientific study of plants, known as botany, has identified about 350,000 extant species of plants, defined as seed plants, bryophytes, ferns and fern allies. As of 2004, |
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| Rhodophyta The Red algae (or Rhodophyta, pronounced /roʊˈdɒfɨtə, ˌroʊdəˈfaɪtə/, from Greek: ῥόδον = rose + φυτόν (phyton) = plant, thus red plant) are one of the oldest groups of eukaryotic algae, and also one of the largest, with about 5,000–6,000 species of mostly multicellular, marine algae, including many notable seaweeds. Other |
Rhodophyceae · Bangiophyceae Bangiophyceae was a class of red algae; it has since been merged with the Floridophyceae to form the Rhodophyceae. The Bangiophyceae, as defined traditionally, are paraphyletic.. Their taxonomic identification has been difficult because of a lack of distinct morphological features, and the presumed morphological plasticity of the species · Florideophyceae Florideophyceae was a class of red algae. It is now merged with the Bangiaceae into the Rhodophyceae, although the subclass Florideae is in use. They were once thought to be the only algae to bear pit connections, but these have since been found in the filamentous stage of the Bangiacae · Goniotrichales · Stylonematophyceae
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| Glaucocystophyceae The glaucophytes, also known as glaucocystophytes or glaucocystids, are a small group of freshwater microscopic algae. Together with the red algae and green algae plus land plants (Viridiplantae or Chloroplastida), they form the Archaeplastida. However, the relationships between the red algae, green algae and glaucophytes are unclear, in large |
Glaucocystis The glaucophytes, also known as glaucocystophytes or glaucocystids, are a small group of freshwater microscopic algae. Together with the red algae and green algae plus land plants (Viridiplantae or Chloroplastida), they form the Archaeplastida. However, the relationships between the red algae, green algae and glaucophytes are unclear, in large · Cyanophora The glaucophytes, also known as glaucocystophytes or glaucocystids, are a small group of freshwater microscopic algae. Together with the red algae and green algae plus land plants (Viridiplantae or Chloroplastida), they form the Archaeplastida. However, the relationships between the red algae, green algae and glaucophytes are unclear, in large · Gloeochaete The glaucophytes, also known as glaucocystophytes or glaucocystids, are a small group of freshwater microscopic algae. Together with the red algae and green algae plus land plants (Viridiplantae or Chloroplastida), they form the Archaeplastida. However, the relationships between the red algae, green algae and glaucophytes are unclear, in large
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| Viridiplantae Viridiplantae are a clade comprising the green algae and land plants/
Plantae
sensu stricto Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The scientific study of plants, known as botany, has identified about 350,000 extant species of plants, defined as seed plants, bryophytes, ferns and fern allies. As of 2004, |
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Chlorophyta Chlorophyta, a division of green algae, includes about 7,000 species of mostly aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. Like the land plants , green algae contain chlorophylls a and b, and store food as starch in their plastids. They are related to the Charophyta and Embryophyta (land plants), together making up the Viridiplantae/GA The green algae are the large group of algae from which the embryophytes (higher plants) emerged. As such, they form a paraphyletic group, although the group including both green algae and embryophytes is monophyletic (and often just known as kingdom Plantae). The green algae include unicellular and colonial flagellates, usually but not always
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Prasinophyceae In taxonomy, Prasinophytes are a class of the Division Chlorophyta. These are primitive eukaryotic, marine green algae. Its best known genus is Ostreococcus , which is considered to be the smallest (ca. 0.95 μm) free-living eukaryote and which has been detected in marine samples around the world. Prasinophytes are thought to have low cellular
UTC clade It includes Ulvophyceae, Trebouxiophyceae and Chlorophyceae: Ulvophyceae The Ulvophyceae or Ulvophytes are class of green algae, distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology. The sea lettuce, Ulva, belongs here. Other well-known members include Ulothrix and Acetabularia. The Ulvophytes are diverse in their morphology and their habitat. Most are seaweeds such as those listed above. Others, such as · Trebouxiophyceae In taxonomy, the Trebouxiophyceae are a class of green algae, in the division Chlorophyta · Chlorophyceae The Chlorophyceae are one of the classes of green algae, distinguished mainly on the basis of ultrastructural morphology. For example the chlorophycean CW clade, and chlorophycean DO clade, are defined by the arrangement of their flagella. Members of the CW clade have flagella that are displaced in a "clockwise" direction eg
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Streptophyta Streptophytina is formally a subdivision or subphylum which contains two classes: Charophyceae, containing the Charales order (Charophytes sensu stricto); and Embryophyceae, which contains the embryophytes (land plants, bryophytes, and vascular plants)
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Charophyta The Charophyta are a division of green algae, including the closest relatives of the embryophyte plants. In some groups, such as conjugating green algae, flagellate cells do not occur. The latter group does engage in sexual reproduction, and motility does not involve flagella, since they are totally lacking. Flagellate cells in the form of sperm/GA The green algae are the large group of algae from which the embryophytes (higher plants) emerged. As such, they form a paraphyletic group, although the group including both green algae and embryophytes is monophyletic (and often just known as kingdom Plantae). The green algae include unicellular and colonial flagellates, usually but not always
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Chlorokybophyceae Chlorokybus atmophyticus is a species of soil alga found in alpine areas. It has been classified as the sole member of the class Chlorokybophyceae within the plant division Charophyta
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Chlorokybales Chlorokybus atmophyticus is a species of soil alga found in alpine areas. It has been classified as the sole member of the class Chlorokybophyceae within the plant division Charophyta
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Klebsormidiophyceae The Klebsormidiales are an order containing three genera of charophyte green alga forming multicellular, non-branching filaments
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Klebsormidiales The Klebsormidiales are an order containing three genera of charophyte green alga forming multicellular, non-branching filaments
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Zygnematophyceae
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Desmidiales Desmids are an order of green algae, comprising around 40 genera and 5,000 to 6,000 species, found mostly but not exclusively in fresh water. Most are unicellular, and are divided into two compartments separated by a narrow bridge or isthmus. Desmids assume a variety of highly symmetrical and generally attractive shapes, which provide the basis · Zygnematales The Zygnematales (Greek: ζυγός + νήμα (nēma) (nom.), νήματος (nēmatos) (gen.)), also called the Conjugales, are an order of green algae, comprising several thousand different species in genera such as the well-known Zygnema and Spirogyra. All the members of this group develop into unbranched filaments, one cell thick, which grow
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Charophyceae Charophyceae is a taxon of green algae whose exact rank is the matter of some current debate. Some botanists recommend expanding the existing plant kingdom to include charophyceans and chlorophytes while others consider Charophyceae to be a class within either the divisions Chlorophyta, Streptophytina, or Streptophyta. Other systematists classify
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Charales Charales is an order of pondweeds, freshwater algae in the division Charophyta. They are green plants believed to be the closest relatives of the green land plants. Linnaeus established the genus in 1753
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Coleochaetophyceae The Coleochaetales are an order of parenchymous charophyte algae, so they represents one of the most primitive multicellular relatives of land plants. They questionably include the fossil genus Parka
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Coleochaetales The Coleochaetales are an order of parenchymous charophyte algae, so they represents one of the most primitive multicellular relatives of land plants. They questionably include the fossil genus Parka
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Embryophyta The embryophytes are the most familiar group of plants. They are often called land plants because they live primarily in terrestrial habitats, in contrast with the related green algae that are primarily aquatic. The embryophytes include trees, flowers, ferns, mosses, and various other green land plants. All are complex multicellular eukaryotes/
Plantae
sensu strictissimo Plants are living organisms belonging to the kingdom Plantae. They include familiar organisms such as trees, herbs, bushes, grasses, vines, ferns, mosses, and green algae. The scientific study of plants, known as botany, has identified about 350,000 extant species of plants, defined as seed plants, bryophytes, ferns and fern allies. As of 2004,
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Bryophytes Bryophytes are all embryophytes that are non-vascular: they have tissues and enclosed reproductive systems, but they lack vascular tissue that circulates liquids. They neither have flowers nor produce seeds, reproducing via spores. The term bryophyte comes from Greek βρύον - bryon, "tree-moss, oyster-green" + φυτόν - fyton &
(non-vascular Non-vascular plants is a general term for those plants without a vascular system . Although non-vascular plants lack these particular tissues, a number of non-vascular plants possess tissues specialized for internal transport of water...)
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Marchantiophyta The Marchantiophyta [mɑːˌkæntiˈɑːfɪtə] (help·info) are a division of bryophyte plants commonly referred to as hepatics or liverworts. Like other bryophytes, they have a gametophyte-dominant life cycle, in which cells of the plant carry only a single set of genetic information · Anthocerotophyta Hornworts are a group of bryophytes, or non-vascular plants, comprising the division Anthocerotophyta. The common name refers to the elongated horn-like structure, which is the sporophyte. The flattened, green plant body of a hornwort is the gametophyte plant · Bryophyta "Moss" Mosses are small, soft plants that are typically 1–10 cm tall, though some species are much larger. They commonly grow close together in clumps or mats in damp or shady locations. They do not have flowers or seeds, and their simple leaves cover the thin wiry stems. At certain times mosses produce spore capsules which may appear as beak-like · Horneophytopsida Horneophytopsida is a class of early vascular plants including the genera Caia, Tortilicaulis, and Horneophyton. Although formerly classified among the Rhyniophyta, the group is distinctive for having branched sporangia, and lacking true xylem
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Tracheophyta Vascular plants are those plants that have lignified tissues for conducting water, minerals, and photosynthetic products through the plant. Vascular plants include the ferns, clubmosses, flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms. Scientific names for the group include Tracheophyta and Tracheobionta, but neither name is very widely used.[
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Lycopodiophyta The Division Lycopodiophyta is a tracheophyte subdivision of the Kingdom Plantae. It is the oldest extant (living) vascular plant division at around 410 million years old,:99 and includes some of the most "primitive" extant species. These species reproduce by shedding spores and have macroscopic alternation of generations, although some
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Isoetopsida The Isoetopsida is a class of the Lycopodiophyta. All living plants belong to the genus Selaginella in the Selaginellales or to Isoetes in the order Isoetales. In the past, members of this group have sometimes been placed in the class Isoetopsida, sometimes in the Selaginellopsida or Lycopodiopsida. There are about 700 species of Selaginella and 14 (Isoetales Isoëtes, also written Isoetes and commonly known as the quillworts, is a genus of plants in the class Isoetopsida and order Isoetales. The order Isoetales is sometimes placed in the class Isoetopsida, sometimes in the Selaginellopsida or Lycopsida. They are considered "fern allies". There are about 140-150 species, with a cosmopolitan, Selaginellales Selaginella is a genus of plants in the family Selaginellaceae, the spikemosses. Many workers still place the Selaginellales in the class Lycopodiopsida . This group of plants has for years been included in what, for convenience, was called "fern allies". Some workers have used the class Isoetopsida for both the spikemosses and the) · Lycopodiopsida (Lycopodiales)
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Euphyllophyta
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Moniliformopses (Equisetopsida, Filicopsida, Psilotopsida)
Spermatophyta: Gymnosperm (Pinophyta, Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Gnetophyta) · Magnoliophyta
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See also: list of plant orders
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